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In real estate matters, two eminently important contracts dictate the relationship between a builder and a buyer: the individual house construction contract (CCMI) and the sale in a state of perfect completion (VEFA).<\/p>\n
Although these two modalities are often equated, they have crucial distinctions that require special attention.<\/p>\n
The CCMI is a contract governed by law no. 90-1129 of December 19, 1990, known as the "Spinetta law". It commits a builder to carry out the construction of an individual house on behalf of a purchaser. This contract provides for a completion guarantee as well as a perfect completion guarantee.<\/p>\n
The VEFA, for its part, is governed by articles L. 261-1 and following of the Construction and Housing Code. It consists of the sale of a property under construction or to be built. The real estate developer then sells a property that he undertakes to be built on time<\/a> and conditions agreed with the purchaser.<\/p>\n The CCMI<\/a> is a construction contract where the builder agrees to build an individual house according to the specifications agreed with the purchaser. The VEFA is a sales contract relating to a property under construction or to be built.<\/p>\n As part of the CCMI, the manufacturer is responsible<\/a> of the entire construction process, from design to delivery. The purchaser is the project owner and the construction site is supervised by the builder's site manager. In VEFA, the developer is responsible for the construction of the property sold, but also for its marketing. The developer is the project owner. The construction site is supervised by a project manager or an architect.<\/p>\n In the context of a CCMI, the delivery date is usually fixed in a precise and detailed manner<\/a> in the contract. This date constitutes a contractual commitment on the part of the manufacturer towards the purchaser. In the event of a delay in delivery, the manufacturer is required to pay the purchaser late payment penalties, except in the event of force majeure or fault on the part of the purchaser.<\/p>\n Unlike the CCMI, the delivery date in VEFA is often less precise and may be subject to uncertainties related to the progress of the work. The VEFA contract generally sets an estimated delivery period, rather than an exact date. The parties then agree on a time range within which delivery should take place.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n In terms of CCMI, late payment penalties are generally calculated on a daily basis: 1\/3000th of the construction amount per day of delay (set by Law).<\/p>\n This amount due as late payment penalties may be added to any other damage suffered, in particular moral damage or financial damage linked to rent paid unduly (rental damage) or linked to the rental of a box or a parking space.<\/p>\n These are damages awarded in addition to late payment penalties.<\/p>\n The VEFA contract does not<\/a> does not provide for late payment penalties as in the CCMI unless the contract provides otherwise. In this case, it is appropriate to calculate them differently and take into account all the damages<\/a> suffered. Here are the main losses that the purchaser may suffer in the event of late delivery in VEFA<\/a> also applicable to the CCMI:<\/p>\n Delays in delivery of the property may result in additional costs for the purchaser, such as rent or mortgage payments for the purchaser's current home. The purchaser may also suffer financial loss if the delay in delivery impacts their real estate projects or investments, particularly in the event of resale or rental of the property.<\/p>\n Delays in delivery can generate stress, anxiety and uncertainty for the buyer, who sees his real estate project delayed. The buyer may also be forced to extend his current housing situation, which can be a source of discomfort and insecurity.<\/p>\n In the event of a significant delay, the purchaser may be forced to find a temporary accommodation solution, which may result in additional costs. The delay in delivery may also cause logistical and organizational inconveniences for the purchaser, particularly with regard to moving and the management of their property.<\/p>\n The purchaser may be deprived of the peaceful enjoyment of his real estate during the period of delay, which constitutes a loss in itself. In the event of a significant delay, the purchaser may be deprived of the advantages and specific features of the real estate he has chosen, which may affect his comfort and satisfaction.<\/p>\n Delay in delivery may jeopardize the buyer's life projects and future plans, particularly with regard to planning their move, interior design or professional projects related to the property. It is important to note that the damages suffered in the event of a delay in delivery in VEFA or CCMI<\/a> may vary depending on the length and extent of the delay, as well as the specific circumstances of each case.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n The CCMI and the VEFA provide a completion guarantee and a perfect completion guarantee for the benefit of the purchaser, offering extensive protection against construction defects. In VEFA as in CCMI, the purchaser benefits from the legal guarantees of perfect completion, proper functioning and ten-year, which respectively cover defects, equipment and damage affecting the solidity of the work.<\/p>\n In short, although the CCMI and the VEFA are intended to build a property, their characteristics and legal regimes differ significantly. It is essential for the parties involved to understand these distinctions in order to best secure their rights and obligations in the context of their real estate transactions. Thus, a specialized legal consultation<\/a> demeure souvent recommand\u00e9e pour \u00e9viter tout litige ult\u00e9rieur et garantir une parfaite ex\u00e9cution des contrats.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column] Diff\u00e9rence entre Contrat de construction de maison individuelle (CCMI) et\u00a0 vente en l’\u00e9tat de parfait ach\u00e8vement (VEFA) par Me Zakine En mati\u00e8re immobili\u00e8re, deux contrats \u00e9minemment importants dictent les relations entre un constructeur et un acqu\u00e9reur : le contrat de construction de maison individuelle (CCMI) et la vente en l’\u00e9tat de parfait ach\u00e8vement (VEFA). […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":123,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"Key Distinctions:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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Nature of the Contract:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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Responsibilities:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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The delivery date<\/strong>ison of the bi<\/strong>e<\/strong>n<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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Compensation or penalties in ca<\/strong>s late<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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\n\t\t[\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Diff\u00e9rence entre Contrat de construction de maison individuelle (CCMI) et\u00a0 vente en l'\u00e9tat de parfait ach\u00e8vement (VEFA)\r\npar Me Zakine<\/h1>\r\n \r\n\r\nEn mati\u00e8re immobili\u00e8re, deux contrats \u00e9minemment importants dictent les relations entre un constructeur et un acqu\u00e9reur : le contrat de construction de maison individuelle (CCMI) et la vente en l'\u00e9tat de parfait ach\u00e8vement (VEFA).\r\n\r\nBien que ces deux modalit\u00e9s soient souvent assimil\u00e9es, elles pr\u00e9sentent des distinctions cruciales qui n\u00e9cessitent une attention particuli\u00e8re.\r\n
D\u00e9finitions des CCMI et la VEFA<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n
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Contrat de Construction de Maison Individuelle (CCMI)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nLe CCMI est un contrat encadr\u00e9 par la loi n\u00b0 90-1129 du 19 d\u00e9cembre 1990, dite \"loi Spinetta\". Il engage un constructeur \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser la construction d'une maison individuelle pour le compte d'un acqu\u00e9reur. Ce contrat pr\u00e9voit une garantie d'ach\u00e8vement ainsi qu'une garantie de parfait ach\u00e8vement.\r\n
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Vente en l'\u00c9tat de Parfait Ach\u00e8vement (VEFA) :<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nLa VEFA, quant \u00e0 elle, est r\u00e9gie par les articles L. 261-1 et suivants du Code de la Construction et de l'Habitation. Elle consiste en la vente d'un bien immobilier en cours de construction ou \u00e0 construire. Le promoteur immobilier vend alors un bien qu'il s'engage \u00e0 construire dans les d\u00e9lais<\/a> et conditions convenus avec l'acqu\u00e9reur.\r\n
Distinctions Cl\u00e9s :<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n
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Nature du Contrat :<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nLe CCMI<\/a> est un contrat de construction o\u00f9 le constructeur s'engage \u00e0 \u00e9difier une maison individuelle selon les sp\u00e9cifications convenues avec l'acqu\u00e9reur. La VEFA est un contrat de vente portant sur un bien immobilier en cours de construction ou \u00e0 construire.\r\n
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Responsabilit\u00e9s :<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nDans le cadre du CCMI, le constructeur est responsable de l'ensemble du processus de construction, de la conception \u00e0 la livraison. L\u2019acqu\u00e9reur est le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage et le chantier est suivi par le conducteur de travaux du constructeur. En VEFA, le promoteur est responsable de la construction du bien vendu, mais \u00e9galement de sa commercialisation. Le promoteur est le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage. Le chantier est suivi par un ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre\u00a0ou un architecte.\r\n
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La date de livra<\/strong>ison du bi<\/strong>e<\/strong>n<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nDans le cadre d'un CCMI, la date de livraison est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement fix\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re pr\u00e9cise et d\u00e9taill\u00e9e dans le contrat. Cette date constitue un engagement contractuel de la part du constructeur envers l'acqu\u00e9reur. En cas de retard dans la livraison, le constructeur est tenu de verser \u00e0 l'acqu\u00e9reur des p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard, sauf en cas de force majeure ou de faute de l'acqu\u00e9reur.\r\n\r\nContrairement au CCMI, la date de livraison en VEFA est souvent moins pr\u00e9cise et peut \u00eatre soumise \u00e0 des al\u00e9as li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'avancement des travaux. Le contrat de VEFA fixe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une p\u00e9riode estimative de livraison, plut\u00f4t qu'une date exacte. Les parties conviennent alors d'une fourchette de temps dans laquelle la livraison devrait intervenir.\r\n
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Les indemnit\u00e9s ou p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s en ca<\/strong>s de retard<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n \r\n\r\nEn mati\u00e8re de CCMI, les p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement calcul\u00e9es sur une base quotidienne\u00a0:\u00a01\/3000e du montant de la construction par jour de retard (fix\u00e9 par la Loi).\r\n\r\nCette somme due au titre des p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard peut s\u2019additionner \u00e0 tout autre pr\u00e9judice subi notamment le pr\u00e9judice moral ou un pr\u00e9judice financier li\u00e9 aux loyers vers\u00e9s indument\u00a0(pr\u00e9judice locatif) ou encore li\u00e9 \u00e0 la location d\u2019un box ou d\u2019une place de stationnement.\r\n\r\nIl s\u2019agit de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats allou\u00e9s en sus des p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard.\r\n\r\nLe contrat de VEFA ne<\/a> pr\u00e9voit pas de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard comme dans le CCMI \u00e0 moins que le contrat n\u2019en dispose autrement. Dans ce cas, il convient de les calculer autrement et prendre en consid\u00e9ration tous les pr\u00e9judices<\/a> subis. Voici les principaux pr\u00e9judices que l'acqu\u00e9reur peut subir en cas de retard de livraison en VEFA<\/a> \u00e9galement applicables au CCMI\u00a0:\r\n
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