In short:<\/strong> Yes, the right of way due to an enclave legally ceases as soon as the enclave disappears.<\/p>\nIn detail:<\/strong> Article 703 of the Civil Code clearly states that "easements cease when things are in such a state that they can no longer be used." Thus, when an owner benefiting from a right of way acquires a plot of land giving him direct access to the public highway, or when a new public highway is created along the edge of his property, the easement due to enclave no longer has any legal reason to exist. The owner of the servient tenement can then request the declaration of this extinction and the removal of the right of way.<\/p>\n5: Can an owner refuse to terminate an easement if he acquires new access?<\/h2>\n
In short:<\/strong> He can only object if the new access is insufficient, dangerous or difficult to use.<\/p>\nIn detail:<\/strong> The owner of the dominant land may contest the extinction of the easement by demonstrating that:<\/p>\n\n- The new access presents a danger (poor visibility on the public highway, steep slope)<\/li>\n
- Its development would require work disproportionate to the value of the property<\/li>\n
- Technical, administrative or urban planning constraints prevent the normal use of this new access<\/li>\n
- Its configuration does not allow a use corresponding to the purpose of the fund (for example, unsuitable for the passage of agricultural vehicles if the property is a farm)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
It is therefore not enough for a new access to exist materially: it must be actually practicable and adapted to the legitimate needs of the owner.<\/p>\n
6: What is the procedure for canceling a right of way that has become useless?<\/h2>\n
In short:<\/strong> Attempt at amicable agreement, then notarized formalization in the event of agreement, or legal action in the event of refusal.<\/p>\nIn detail:<\/strong> The recommended procedure involves several steps:<\/p>\n\n- Attempt at amicable settlement<\/strong>\u00a0: Contact the beneficiary to demonstrate that the easement no longer exists and offer to formally waive it.<\/li>\n
- Notarized report<\/strong>\u00a0: In the event of agreement, have a notarial deed drawn up confirming the termination of the easement and publish it in the land registry office for enforceability against third parties.<\/li>\n
- Mediation or conciliation<\/strong>\u00a0: In the event of disagreement, request the intervention of a mediator or conciliator before any legal action.<\/li>\n
- Legal action<\/strong>\u00a0: As a last resort, refer the matter to the territorially competent court (that of the location of the building) to request the declaration of the extinction of the easement.<\/li>\n
- Legal expertise possible<\/strong>\u00a0: The court may order an expert opinion to assess whether the new access is actually sufficient.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
7: Is the conventional easement subject to the same extinction rules?<\/h2>\n
In short:<\/strong> No, an easement established by agreement does not automatically expire if the enclave disappears, unless otherwise stipulated in the deed.<\/p>\nIn detail:<\/strong> Unlike the legal easement due to enclave, the conventional easement (established by agreement) obeys different rules:<\/p>\n\n- It persists even if the enclave disappears, unless the act explicitly specifies that it will cease in this case.<\/li>\n
- It can be extinguished by:\n