ASL and co-ownership in France: 5 key differences to know
1. Legal status:
– The ASL is an organization governed by the law of June 21, 1865 and the decree of December 18, 1927. It has legal personality and can take legal action.
– The co-ownership is governed by the law of July 10, 1965 and its implementing decree of March 17, 1967. It does not have a legal personality distinct from that of the co-owners.
2. Scope of application:
– The ASL manages assets and equipment common to several individual properties, such as roads, networks, green spaces, etc.
- The co-ownership applies to a building or a group of buildings whose ownership is divided between several people in lots, each comprising a private part and a share of the common parts.
3. Creation and membership:
– The ASL is created by an authentic act (notarial deed) or by private deed. The owners' membership is voluntary but binds successive purchasers.
- The co-ownership is created automatically as soon as a building or a group of built buildings is divided into lots. Each co-owner is member by right of the condominium union.
4. Management bodies:
– The ASL is administered by a union composed of all the owners, who elect a president and a union council. Decisions are taken in general meeting.
– The co-ownership is managed by a syndicate of co-owners, which appoints a trustee (professional or volunteer) to carry out the decisions taken in general meeting.
5. Distribution of charges:
– In the ASL, the distribution of charges is defined in the statutes according to freely chosen criteria (surface area, use, etc.).
– In the co-ownership, the distribution of charges is fixed by the co-ownership regulations based on the shares of common areas attached to each lot (percentages).
In summary, although ASL and co-ownership have similarities in their operation, they differ in their legal status, their scope of application, their methods of creation and membership, their management bodies and the distribution of charges between the owners.
Frequently asked questions
Quelles sont les principales différences entre ASL et copropriété ?
L’ASL est régie par l’ordonnance de 2004, gère des équipements communs (voiries, espaces verts) et n’a pas de personnalité morale distincte. La copropriété est régie par la loi de 1965, s’applique aux immeubles divisés en lots, et a une personnalité morale (syndicat).
Puis-je être à la fois membre d’une ASL et copropriétaire ?
Oui, c’est fréquent dans les ensembles immobiliers complexes. Vous êtes alors soumis aux deux régimes : l’ASL pour les équipements communs, la copropriété pour votre immeuble.
Quels sont les délais pour contester une décision d’ASL ?
Les décisions d’ASL peuvent être contestées dans un délai de 2 mois à compter de leur notification, comme pour les AG de copropriété.
Quel est le coût de fonctionnement d’une ASL par rapport à une copropriété ?
Les charges ASL sont généralement moins élevées car elles ne couvrent que les équipements communs. En copropriété, les charges incluent l’entretien de l’immeuble, les assurances, etc.
Que faire si une ASL veut imposer des règles contraires à la copropriété ?
Vous pouvez contester la décision devant le tribunal judiciaire. En attendant, les règles de la copropriété prévalent sur celles de l’ASL en cas de conflit.
